BOOKS: The Great Ape Project Census

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, January/February 2004:

The Great Ape Project Census:
Recognition for the Uncounted
The Great Ape Project (917 S.W. Oak St., Suite 412, Portland, OR
97205), 2004.
268 pages, paperback. $14.95.

Nearly 200 years after hazy historical records indicate that
captive great apes may have first come to the U.S. for exhibition
with some of the first captive elephants, the Great Ape Project
Census represents the first known attempt to compile a comprehensive
national roster of all the bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, and
orangutans now kept here.
The inventory includes 3,100 great apes in total, residing
in 37 states, including 1,280 chimpanzees held for biomedical
research use.
As the book lacks precise counts for other species and uses,
it is unfortunately necessary to hand-count to determine that there
are approximately 800 great apes in accredited zoos, among whom the
343 gorillas are the most numerous species; 169 chimps, 20
orangutans,, and three gorillas in non-accredited zoos; about 477
chimps, five orangutans, and one gorilla now in sanctuary care;
151 chimps and 19 orangutans kept by private owners, most of them in
the entertainment industry; and 13 chimpanzees, eight bonobos, and
two gorillas held in connection with communication studies.

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BOOKS: Conversations With An Eagle & Raven’s End

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, January/February 2004:

Conversations
With An Eagle
by Brenda Cox
Greystone Books
(c/o Douglas & McIntyre Ltd.,
2323 Quebec St., Suite 201, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5T 4S7), 2003.
288 pages, hardcover. $22.95.

Brenda Cox begins her memoir with her school days, when she
felt more comfortable in her own company and with the animals she
encountered on long walks in the countryside than with classmates.
She recalls visiting a lake with a new girlfriend from school.
They met some boys who took them out in a boat. The driver
headed recklessly straight toward a family of ducks. Cox screamed at
him and leaped from the boat to save the ducks.
She volunteered at O.W.L, a rehabilitation center catering
to birds of prey. Excelling at her work, she rose quickly to the
position of supervisor. At the rehab center she developed a close
relationship with Ichabod, a female bald eagle. So imprinted upon
her did Ichabod become that eventually he would not allow anyone else
into her cage. Cox became the only volunteer able to feed her and
clean her enclosure.
As years passed, pressure mounted at the center for Ichabod
to be removed. The center needed her cage for rehabilitation work,
and unless Ichabod could serve some useful purpose, she would have
to find a new home or be killed.
To try to save Ichabod, Cox talked the center directors into
allowing her to train the eagle. Cox undertook the extraordinarily
difficult task of using falconry techniques to make Ichabod
manageable, and thereby suitable for use in education and promotion.
Eventually, after many dangerous incidents, Cox trained
Ichabod to fly to her arm. Her strenuous efforts to save the bird’s
life are related in terms that reveal her great love and respect for
Ichabod, who gave Cox’s life meaning in their years together.
There was a constant power struggle between Ichabod and Cox,
continuing until the death of the bird. Ichabod exhibited a
startling range of moods and emotions, possibly accentuated by
captivity, to the extent that each time Cox visited her, she did not
know what to expect. Never did Ichabod lose her predatory instincts,
nor her urge to dominate.
Most conservationists would dismiss keeping an unreleasable
bird alive in captivity as pointless and therefore a worthless
exercise. Cox, however, believed Ichabod should be judged not for
her value to humans, but rather for her own sake.
Managing a wildlife rehab center and sanctuary for birds of
prey, with experience in handling and releasing large eagles, I
found Cox’s experiences were similar to my own. Like Cox, I believe
that all sentient creatures have a right to live, regardless of what
value conservationists may place upon them.
–Beverley Pervan

 

Raven’s End
by Ben Gadd
Sierra Club Books
(85 2nd St., San Francisco CA 94105), 2003. 360 pages, hardcover. $ 24.95.

Ben Gadd is a naturalist and guide whose descriptions of the
natural history and mountain scenery of the Canadian Rockies around
his home near Banff National Park are breathtakingly vivid. His
delightful book is written on two levels.
At one level it is a children’s fairy tale about the
adventures of Colin CC, a raven suffering from amnesia. Accepted
into the Raven’s End flock by the variety of characters who comprise
it, Colin CC finds himself compelled to embark upon a voyage of
self-discovery. His antagonist is the cunning, cannibalistic
Zygadena, the epitome of evil, who lives nearby and preys upon
members of the Raven’s End flock.
At a different level Raven’s End is a philosophical look at
the meaning of life and the purpose of existence, offering a bird’s
eye view of the human race.
These two levels come together unexpectedly in a clever twist
toward the tail of the story.
The adventures of the Raven’s End flock include coping with
most of the hardships faced by animals in the wild. Wolf kills keep
the flock alive in winter, a reminder of the interdependence of
species.
A book like this stimulates the reader’s compassion for wild
creatures and broadens understanding of the fragility of their lives.
–Chris Mercer & Bev Pervan

BOOKS: The Story of the African Dog

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, January/February 2004:

The Story of the African Dog
by Johan Gallant
University of Natal Press (Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South
Africa), 2002. 124 pages, paperback. $29.50

“The African dog, or Africanis,” declares the back cover of
The Story of the African Dog, “is the original domestic dog of
southern Africa, whose ancient origins can be traced back to the
prehistoric wolf packs of Arabia and India. This unique and
fascinating study recreates for us the journey of the dog’s primitive
canine ancestors.”
Author Johan Gallant seems to accept the prevailing dogma
that dogs evolved and were first domesticated in Asia. ANIMAL PEOPLE
believes that dogs actually domesticated humans, as much as humans
domesticated dogs, and that this actually occurred many times in
different places over thousands of years, as early humans and dogs
traveled and foraged together much as baboons and jackals still do
today.
Either way, the bond between dogs and humans gained
particular strength in Africa. The anti-dog prejudices of the
Central Asian “rabies belt” prevail today in northern Africa, but in
much of sub-equatorial Africa even the poorest people tend to accord
to dogs a status above other animals, and the family dog is often a
source of pride.

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BOOKS: The Pig Who Sang To The Moon

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, January/February 2004:

The Pig Who Sang To The Moon
by Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson
Ballantine Books (1745 Broadway, New York, NY 10019), 2003. 304
pages, hardcover. $25.95.

A former psychoanalyst best known for investigative work on
the history of psychiatry, Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson has written
chiefly about the psychology of animals and human/animal interactions
in recent years. In The Pig Who Sang To The Moon Masson explores the
emotional world of farm animals.
Each chapter relates the habits and sentient behavior of a
different species, and compares the corrupted activity of pigs,
chickens, sheep, goats, cows, ducks, and geese on modern farms
to the habits of their wild ancestors.
Masson argues that the difference between the behavior of
such animals outside of domestication and their radically altered and
shortened lives in capitivity is so great that we can infer from this
alone that they must be unhappy, even if they are not subjected to
specific abuse or maltreatment.

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BOOKS: From Guinea Pig to Computer Mouse

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, January/February 2004:

From Guinea Pig to Computer Mouse:
Alternative Methods for a Progressive, Humane Education (2nd edition)
by Nick Jukes and Mihnea Chiuia
InterNICHE (19 Brookhouse Ave. , Leicester LE2 0JE, U.K.), 2003.
520 pages, paperback. (Pricing: contact <coordinator@interniche.org>.

From Guinea Pig to Computer Mouse addresses teachers whose
disciplines traditionally involve animal experiments. The book will
also help students who do not wish to take part in animal
experiments, and animal advocates who are campaigning against animal
experimentation in education.
The authors investigate aspects of the “3R” concept. The
original “3R” curriculum, emphasized in basic education, was
“Reading, Writing, Arithmetic.” In 1959 British authors William
Russell and Rex Burch proposed that in science the “3R” concept
should be “Refine, Reduce, Replace,” meaning that the numbers of
animal experiments done should be drastically reduced, and that
painful and invasive experiments should be replaced or refined to use
fewer animals.
Much of From Guinea Pig to Computer Mouse catalogs
alternatives to animal tests in education. More than 500
alternatives suitable for teaching anatomy, physiology, surgery,
and other disciplines are briefly reviewed. Ten chapters describe
products specific to common curriculums.

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BOOKS: Above All, Be Kind

From ANIMAL PEOPLE,  December 2003:

Above All,  Be Kind:
Raising a Humane Child in Challenging Times
by Zoe Weil
New Society Publishers (P.O. Box 189,  Gabriola Island,
B.C. V0R 1X0,  Canada),  2003.  272 pages,  paperback.  $17.95.

On page 127 of Above All,  Be Kind,
veteran humane educator Zoe Weil advises parents
to teach their children the CRITIC approach to
analytical thinking developed by Professor Wayne
Bartz.  “CRITIC,”  Weil explains,  “stands for
Claim?  Role of the claimant?  Information
backing the claim? Test?  Independent testing?
Cause proposed?”
Weil shows how CRITIC might be applied in
evaluating ads for a diet product.

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BOOKS: You Belong in a Zoo!

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, December 2003:

You Belong In A Zoo! by Peter Brazaitis
Villard Books (299 Park Ave., New York, NY 10171), 2003.
368 pages. Hardcover, $24.95.

A globally recognized reptile expert, author of many
scientific papers and often called as an expert witness in
herpetological smuggling cases, Peter Brazaitis spent his whole
working life with the Wildlife Conservation Society. He began at the
Bronx Zoo when WCS was still called the New York Zoological Society,
and retired as first curator of the Central Park Zoo, following a
six-year closure for renovation.

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BOOKS: Lizards: Windows to the Evolution of Diversity & Snakes of the World

From ANIMAL PEOPLE,  December 2003:

Lizards:  Windows to the Evolution of Diversity
by Eric R. Pianka & Laurie J. Vitt
University of California Press  (2120 Berkeley Way,  Berkeley,  CA
94720),  2003.
346 pages,  218 color illustrations,  hardcover.  $45.00.

Snakes of the World
by Manuel Areste & Rafael Cebrian
Sterling Publishing Co. (387 Park Ave. S., New York,  NY  10016),  2003.
256 pages,  256 color illustrations,  hardcover.  $29.95.

Lizards,  the oldest family of land-dwelling vertebrates,
are the ancestors of us all.  Fish,  insects,  and birds are more
broadly distributed,  but as Harry W. Greene explains in a foreword
to Lizards:  Windows to the Evolution of Diversity:  “Lizards occur
in all but the highest and coldest places on earth.  Some tropical
rain forests and deserts have several dozen species at a single
locality.  They come in many sizes…Various lizards use winglike
flaps to glide through tropical forest canopies,  strong claws to dig
burrows in prairie sod,  and fringed toes to run bipedally over
windblown sand dunes.”

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BOOKS: The World of Whales, Dolphins, & Porpoises

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, December 2003:

The World of Whales, Dolphins, & Porpoises:
Natural History & Conservation
by Tony Martin
Voyageur Press (123 N. 2nd St., Stillwater, MN 55082), 2003.
96 pages, hardcover. $24.95.

If you have other books describing most of the known whale,
dolphin, and porpoise species, along with the basics of how they
live and where they are found, this one may be redundant–although
it is almost up-to-date about recent changes in species
identification, which have recognized differences among many animals
who superificially look much alike. Tony Martin missed only new
identifications announced this year.
If you do not already have a good general reference on
whales, dolphins, and porpoises, this may be the one you want. It
is too large to take whalewatching, and is not presented as a field
guide, but is authoritative if you need information in connection
with doing whale education or writing to news media and public
officials.

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