Avian flu updates

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, September 2004:

* The Hong Kong Food and Environmental Hygiene Department
announced in August 2004 that nearly a fifth of the city’s live
poultry vendors have agreed to sell their licenses back to the Hong
Kong government, in cooperation with a plan to reduce the risk from
H5N1, SARS, and other market-transmitted zoonotic diseases. The
city hopes to phase out live markets.
* Wildlife Reserves Singapore culled chickens, ducks,
geese, crows, and mynahs at the Jurong BirdPark, Singa-pore Zoo
and Night Safari, and announced that it would no longer hatch chicks
at the Children’s World petting zoo.
* South African agriculture officials in August supervised
the slaughter of more than 15,000 ostriches and 1,000 chickens at
five farms in Eastern Cape Province, to prevent the spread of an
outbreak of H5N2, a milder cousin of H5N1, not known to harm humans.

 

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From ANIMAL PEOPLE, September 2004:

ORLANDO–Iams company spokesperson Kelly Vanasse, addressing
the 2004 Conference on Homeless Animal Management & Policy in
Orlando, Florida, announced on August 22 that Iams is prepared to
donate 30,000 microchip scanners to humane societies, animal control
agencies, and veterinarians throughout the U.S.–if the makers will
cooperate to produce a scanner that reads both the 125-kilohertz
chips that are most used in the U.S. and the 134-kilohertz chips that
are recommended by the International Standards Organization.
The 125-kv chips are made by Avid Identification Systems and
Digital Angel Inc., and are used by the Schering Plough Animal
Health “Home Again” program. The 134-kv ISO chips are distributed in
the U.S. by PetHealth Services and Crystal Tag. The latter is the
chip provider to Banfield, The Pet Hospital Inc., but Banfield has
suspended mi威Ȏ܀耀

The form of diclofenac used by humans is not at issue.
Except in consuming arthritic Parsees, vultures rarely come into
contact with residual diclofenac in human remains, and if that was
the vultures’ only source of risk, the vulture population probably
would not have fallen.
By far the greater risk comes from Indian and Pakistani
farmers who use diclofenac to keep lame oxen, buffalo, and equines
on the job pulling carts and plows. When the animals die, their
carcasses are left for scavengers. Residual diclofenac does not seem
to harm dogs or jackals, but cumulative exposure causes kidney
falure in vultures.
“There can be a population fall of 30% a year if less than
one in 200 carcasses available to vultures contain lethal amounts of
diclofenac,” Ornithological Society of Pakistan expert Aleem Khan
told Agence France-Presse. “Two hundred vultures can feed on the
carcass of a single big buf崀ഉࠀ耀

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, July/August 2004:

YARMOUTH, EAST PROVIDENCE–Massachusetts state budget cuts
that reduced funding for oral anti-rabies vaccination of raccoons
from $209,000 in 2001 to just $60,000 in 2004 left the Cape Cod
Rabies Task Force nearly penniless at the end of June. Rabies first
hit raccoons in Massachusetts in 1992, but a decade of successful
vaccination kept the disease from jumping the Cape Cod Canal until
March 2004. Twenty-two rabid raccoons were found in four Cape Cod
towns by June 13.
The rabies outbreak also hit Rhode Island. The East
Providence Animal Shelter on May 6 reportedly impounded five
raccoons, in violation of protocol; left them with a foster family
for a month; and then exposed them to a sixth raccoon who was found
acting strangely at a golf course.
That raccoon turned out to be rabid. All of the raccoons
were killed. At least 46 people who hand小ఈऀ耀

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, September 2004:

Rumors that the Fund for Animals and the
Humane Society of the U.S. are holding merger
talks reached ANIMAL PEOPLE on July 26.
Confirmation came a few days later.
In the interim, on July 30, five closely
spaced shotgun blasts followed by frantic yelping
disturbed the woods about half a mile from our
remote rural office. Someone apparently dumped
two black Labrador retriever mixes, a mother and
nearly grown son, and fired the shots to keep
the dogs from following his truck.
Ignoring rabbits who boldly ran right in
front of them, the dogs survived by scavenging
for several days before stumbling upon the
feeding station we set up for them.
For almost a month, we fed and watered
them at the same spot–waiting more than a week
for box traps to arrive, and then waiting for
the dogs to get used to the traps enough to begin
“We were standing on a dock,” Alexandra Kerry recounted,
“waiting for a boat to take us on a summer trip. Vanessa, the
scientist, had packed all of her animals, including her favorite
hamster. Our over-zealous golden retriever got tangled in his leash
and knocked the hamster cage off the dock. We watched as Licorice,
the unlucky hamster, bubbled down into a watery doom.
“Now, that might have been the end of the story: A mock
funeral at sea and some tears for a hamster lost. But my dad jumped
in, grabbed an oar, fished the cage from the water, hunched over
the soggy hamster, and began to administer CPR.
“There are still to this day some reports of mouth-to-mouth,”
Alexandra Kerry said, “but I admit it’s probably a trick of memory.
The hamster was never quite right after that, but he lived.
“It may sound silly, and we still laugh about it today, but
it was serious to us. And that’s what matt帍ช଀耀

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, September 2004:

EPPING, N.H.–Mary Ellen Sanderson, co-winner of a $66
million Powerball lottery in 1997, has been sued by a second animal
charity to which she pledged annual funding. Sued earlier by the
Oasis Sanctuary Foundation, a tropical bird sanctuary located at
Cascabel, Arizona, Sanderson was also sued in July 2004 by Equine
Protection of North America–which Sanderson helped to create,
reported Manchester Union Leader correspondent Toby Henry.
The original EPONA directors, Henry indicated, were
president Susan Fockler and director Ronald Levesque, both of
Epping, New Hampshire, and Mary Ellen and James Sanderson, then a
married couple. As with the Oasis Sanctuary, Mary Ellen Sanderson
helped EPONA to obtain a sanctuary site. The EPONA facility, near
Dover, New Hampshire, houses about 25 horses at a time, Hnery said.
According to Henry, the lawsui䄌कఀ耀

Townend alleged that Manop Lao-hapraser also arrived on the scene
recently after notorious wildlife dealer Leuthai Tiewchareun was
arrested near the Laotian border in possession of “the bloody carcass
of a huge Bengal tiger sawn clean in half.”
Leuthai Tiewchareun “was well-known to the authorities,”
wrote Townsend. “In November 2003, when police raided his home,
more than 20 pairs of bear paws lay beside piles of fresh tiger meat.
His deep-freeze contained the body of a baby orangutan from
Indonesia.”
Arrested then, Leuthai Tiewchareun jumped bail–but despite
that history, he was released on bail again just two hours after he
was apprehended.
The tiger exports to China earlier brought the demotions of
Plodprasop Suraswadi, former permanent secretary of the Thai federal
ministry of natural resources and the environment, and Bhadharajaya
Rajani, former deputy chief of the forestry department䀋ࠔഀ耀

The average lifespan of an AZA zoo elephant is 36 years,
according to AZA spokesperson Jane Ballentine. Most elephants now in
the U.S. were captured before the U.S. ratification of the
Convent-ion on International Trade in Endangered Species in 1972 and
passage of the Endangered Species Act in 1973 virtually cut off
further imports. These elephants are now middle-aged to elderly,
and have been dying at a rate far exceeding successful reproduction.
Only a handful of zoo-born elephants have survived to maturity, and
only 11 have been imported in the past 32 years, all of them in 2003.
(See “Live elephant exports,” page 20.)
The San Antonio Zoo soon pointed out that it, not the Detroit Zoo,
is Wanda’s legal owner, that she was sent to Detroit eight years ago
on loan, not deeded over, and that she could be reclaimed.
The AZA Species Survival Plan committee eventually decided
that Winky and Wanda should䌊ଗ฀耀

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, September 2004:

Sodade, a loggerhead sea turtle tagged with a radio
transmitter and tracked via satellite by the Marine Turtle Resarch
Group at the University of Exeter in Cornwall, U.K., was apparently
poached on August 25, 2004 off Cape Verde, an archipelago west of
Africa. “We started to receive an unusually large number of very
high quality location signals from Sodade,” researcher Brendan
Godley explained. “Such signals are received when a turtle spends
large amounts of time at the surface, suggesting she was likely on
the deck of a boat. Then the transmissions ceased, suggesting that
her transmitter was removed and dumped. Given the large number of
turtles captured for food in Cape Verde and the presence of fishing
boats in the area at the time, we think we know her fate.”

Peipei, 33, the oldest known panda in the world, died on

Non-surgical sterilization wait goes on with new hopes & many frustrations

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, July/August 2004:

BRECKENRIDGE, Colorado– The good news about the
long-anticipated arrival of effective, practical, inexpensive
non-surgical birth control for cats and dogs may be that the bad news
is not worse.
One effective and safe chemosterilant for male dogs,
Neutersol, is now available to humane societies at reduced cost. A
similar product for cats is in development.
The early test results are “very favorable,” University of
Missouri at Columbia researcher Min Wang on June 27, 2004 told the
Second International Symposium on Non-surgical Contraceptive Methods
for Pet Population Control, held in Breckenridge, Colorado.
Immunocontraceptives for female dogs and cats are still just
over the horizon.
Breakthroughs anticipated five years ago unfortunately have
not materialized. Research involving porcine zona pellucida (pZP)
may be chasing a mirage, many dog and cat contraceptive developers
now believe.
ZooMontana director Jay Kirkpatrick showed in 1990 that pZP
can be used as a contraceptive in horses.
“Immunization of female mammals with purified glycoproteins
from the outermost layer of oocytes, namely the zona pellucida,
often results in autoimmunity and infertility,” explained Dalhousie
University biology professor Bill Pohajdak. “The three components of
zona pellucida from many species have been cloned and sequenced
Porcine ZP is widely used because of availability.

Read more

The chips are down in high-stakes battle over scanner tech

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, July/August 2004:

PORTLAND, Ore.; NORCO, Calif.–The microchip wars have reignited.
A decade after American Veterin-ary Identification Devices
and the Schering-Plough Animal Health Corporation resolved
compatibility problems between AVID microchips and the HomeAgain
chips made for Schering-Plough by Digital Angel Corp., lawsuits and
threats of lawsuits involving microchips are flying with surprising
velocity considering that only about 2.5% of all the dogs and cats in
homes in the U.S. carry microchip identification.
The present size of the microchip market appears to be less
at issue than growth potential. AVID and Schering-Plough donated
thousands of scanners to animal shelters just to get them into use,
and even then, the National Animal Control Association vocally
objected to having microchip scanning added to the animal control
workload.
Microchipping has now proved itself, including in alerting
shelters to the previously seldom detected practice of unhappy
neighbors or estranged “significant others” surrendering stolen pets
to shelters as their own.
A recent NACA survey indicates that about 37% of U.S. animal
control shelters now microchip the animals they adopt out. Microchip
makers are betting that soon most pets will be microchipped.

Read more

Raccoon rabies spreads to Cape Cod, Rhode Island

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, July/August 2004:

YARMOUTH, EAST PROVIDENCE–Massachusetts state budget cuts
that reduced funding for oral anti-rabies vaccination of raccoons
from $209,000 in 2001 to just $60,000 in 2004 left the Cape Cod
Rabies Task Force nearly penniless at the end of June. Rabies first
hit raccoons in Massachusetts in 1992, but a decade of successful
vaccination kept the disease from jumping the Cape Cod Canal until
March 2004. Twenty-two rabid raccoons were found in four Cape Cod
towns by June 13.
The rabies outbreak also hit Rhode Island. The East
Providence Animal Shelter on May 6 reportedly impounded five
raccoons, in violation of protocol; left them with a foster family
for a month; and then exposed them to a sixth raccoon who was found
acting strangely at a golf course.
That raccoon turned out to be rabid. All of the raccoons
were killed. At least 46 people who handled the raccoons were given
post-exposure vaccination.
Raccoon rabies spread into the northeast from the
mid-Atlantic states after a group of coonhunters and trappers
translocated 3,500 raccoons from a rabies-endemic part of Florida to
the Great Smokies and Appalachia in 1976.

BOOKS: Shelter Medicine for Veterinarians & Staff & WorldAnimalNet International Directory of Animal Protection Organizations

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, July/August 2004:

Shelter Medicine for Veterinarians & Staff
Edited by Lila Miller & Stephen Zawistowski
Blackwell Pub. (2121 State Ave., Ames, IA 50014), 2004. 546
pages, paperback. $74.95.

WorldAnimalNet International Directory of Animal Protection Organizations
Edited by Wim DeKok
WorldAnimalNet (19 Chestnut Sq., Boston, MA 02130), 2004. 554
pages, paperback. $29.95.

Shelter Medicine for Veterinarians & Staff and the
WorldAnimalNet International Directory of Animal Protection
Organizations are references so useful and so essential that, like
the National Animal Control Association Training Guide, they belong
on the most convenient shelf of every animal shelter library–and if
your shelter does not have a library, nail up a shelf and start one
with these three books.
Assembled by American SPCA senior director of animal services
and veterinary advisor Lila Miller and senior vice president and
science advisor Stephen Zawistowski, Shelter Medicine for
Veterinarians & Staff is the closest approach yet to an encyclopedia
of veterinary issues encountered in humane work.

Read more

India vaccine breakthrough

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, June 2004:

BANGALORE–A new anti-rabies vaccine “developed by the
Indian Institute of Science, which promises to reduce rabies
prevention costs by nearly 75%, has been cleared for commercial use
on pet dogs and other animals by the Drug Controller of India,” T.A.
Johnson of The Times of India reported on May 16.
“Based on a novel hybrid of a DNA recombinant vaccine and
cell culture vaccine, the new vaccine will be produced and marketed
by Indian Immunologicals under the name Dinarab,” Johnson said.
But IIS scientist P. Rangarajan cautioned that although
Dinarab has been successfully tested on monkeys and mice, it has
not yet been approved for trials in humans and “will take a while
before reaching the market.”
Meant to be used mainly as a post-exposure treatment by
public health clinics, Dinarab may alleviate chronic shortages of
post-exposure vaccines in India, associated with lack of reliable
refrigeration plus problems in manufacture and transport.

Discount deal on Neutersol for humane societies in developing nations

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, May 2004:

FAYETTE, Missouri; CONCORD, N.H.– One day after the April
2004 edition of ANIMAL PEOPLE went to press, noting that the
U.S.-approved chemosterilant Neutersol is still not affordably
available to help control street dogs in developing nations,
Neutersol product director Cord Harper announced that the
manufacturer, Addison Biological Laboratory Inc. in Fayette,
Missouri, “would like to show a strong commitment to the
international animal welfare community by offering 100,000 vials of
Neutersol at $15 per vial to a coalition of groups that could put it
to good use in developing countries where it is desperately needed.”
Harper, who had not yet seen the ANIMAL PEOPLE coverage,
made the offer through Peter Bender and Anne Ostberg of the Pegasus
Foundation.
Based in Concord, New Hampshire, with a second office in
West Palm Beach, Florida, the Pegasus Foundation funds dog and cat
sterilization in the Caribbean, the Bahamas, and the Navajo Nation,
including parts of Arizona, Nevada, and New Mexico.
“Neutersol has begun gaining acceptance in the U.S. animal welfare
community. Many of the largest shelters in the country are beginning
to adopt it,” Harper said. “We have inventory that would be much
better utilized to permanently and humanely sterilize hundreds of
thousands of dogs rather than sit in a warehouse.”

Read more

Neuter/return works for Alaskan wolves

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, May 2004:

FAIRBANKS–Animal advocates who sterilize and release feral
cats and street dogs had the right prescription for wolf predation
control all along, Alaska Department of Fish and Game biologists are
discovering.
Clamoring to shoot and trap wolves to reduce predatory pressure on
the depleted Fortymile caribou herd, the Alaska DFG in 1997
grudgingly agreed to sterilize the alpha pairs in 15 wolf packs under
pressure led by Friends of Animals.
“The idea was that the sterilized pairs would defend their
territories against other packs, which they have done quite
successfully,” wrote Fairbanks Daily News-Miner staff writer Tim
Mowry on March 28.
As with feral cats and street dogs, sterile wolves hunt much
less than animals with young to feed. Therefore the caribou herd
would increase.
DFG biologists performed the sterilizations amid prophecies by
hunters and politicians that the experiment would neither work nor
shut up the opponents of wolf-culling, and therefore should never
have been started.

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Pricing, politics, & the race to perfect animal birth control

From ANIMAL PEOPLE, April 2004:

FAYETTE, Missouri; BANGKOK–If humane organizations could
afford to use Neutersol in high volume, it might have taken over
much of the male dog sterilization market share already, worldwide.
But the maker of the first commercially distributed injectible
sterilant for dogs, Addison Laboratories of Fayette, Missouri, has
priced Neutersol to avoid cutting into U.S. veterinary profits.
Because Neutersol is unaffordable in the economically disadvantaged
nations where roving street dogs are most a problem, foreign
competitors are rushing to perfect their own injectible sterilants
and grab market share before Addison can introduce a two-tier pricing
system that would make Neutersol the injectible sterilant of choice.
At request of Neutersol product director Cord Harper, ANIMAL
PEOPLE on November 17, 2003 e-mailed to Addison Laboratories a list
of 37 humane organizations in 20 nations that might be willing to use
Neutersol if it could be provided to them at cost. At least five of
the organizations have already experimented with injectible
sterilants and still favor the concept, despite some early product
failures.
Four months later, Neutersol is still not affordably
available to help control street dogs.
Internationally recognized rabies control expert Henry Wilde,
M.D., of the Queen Savabha Memorial Institute operated by the Thai
Red Cross in Bangkok, was enthusiastic enough about the potential of
Neutersol that he bought some at the regular U.S. price and tested it
on several adult dogs in anticipation of two-tier pricing. Then he
waited.

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